Indigenous trade at the heart of South America
Papua New Guinea (PNG) is located in Oceania, occupying the eastern half of the island of New Guinea, along with numerous smaller islands. It is situated north of Australia and south of the equator.
Population: PNG has a population of approximately 9 million people, making it one of the most culturally diverse countries in the world. The capital city is Port Moresby. The population comprises over 800 different languages, reflecting a rich tapestry of cultures.
History
Colonial Era: PNG was initially inhabited by indigenous peoples for thousands of years. European contact began in the 16th century, and the region became a German protectorate in the 19th century. Following World War I, Australia administered PNG until it gained independence in 1975.
Independence: Papua New Guinea became independent from Australia on September 16, 1975, establishing a parliamentary democracy.
Political Status
Government: PNG operates as a constitutional monarchy, with the British monarch as head of state, represented locally by a Governor-General. The political system includes a Parliament with a Prime Minister as the head of government.
Challenges: The country faces political instability, tribal conflicts, and corruption, which have been significant challenges since independence.
Economy
Economic Overview: PNG's economy is largely based on agriculture, forestry, and fishing. It also has significant mineral resources, including gold, copper, and oil, contributing to economic growth.
Currency: The currency used is the Papua New Guinean kina (PGK).
Culture
Cultural Diversity: PNG is known for its cultural richness, with a multitude of traditional customs, art forms, and languages. Cultural expressions include traditional music, dance, and elaborate ceremonies.
Cuisine: Traditional cuisine is based on root vegetables, fish, and pork, with a strong emphasis on community meals and sharing.
Recent Developments
Economic Growth: Recent years have seen growth driven by resource extraction, though issues such as land disputes and environmental degradation are ongoing concerns.
Infrastructure Improvements: The government is working on improving infrastructure, particularly in remote areas, to enhance access to services and stimulate economic development.
Copyright (C) S. Midttun, 2024
